Varroa mite probe sparks east coast police raids

Half a dozen properties in three states have been raided as part of a probe into how the deadly varroa mite reached Australia, the bee industry says.

The Australian Honeybee Industry Council says federal police have targeted properties in southern Queensland, northern NSW and Tasmania in recent months.

READ MORE: Fire ants could cost 'half a COVID' every year

The raids were part of a federal investigation led by the agriculture department, CEO Danny Le Feuvre said. 

The department is confident there will be an outcome soon. 

"We know there's been half a dozen raids around the eastern seaboard," Mr Le Feuvre told AAP. 

"The industry is strongly demanding answers around this.

"We hope it's something we can satisfy industry with, in understanding how it got here and closing that pathway off in the future," he said. 

AAP has sought comment from the department. Federal police referred questions to the department saying it's their investigation. 

The department has previously confirmed the existence of Operation Decker, which is linked to the incursion of the mite, an exotic parasite that weakens and kills honey bee colonies. 

It was originally found at the Port of Newcastle in June 2022 and has since spread to hundreds of other sites in NSW, with the destructive pest now so entrenched eradication has been deemed impossible. 

The scourge may have started with the illegal importation of live bees but the insects could also have hitched a ride on cargo. 

The arrival of the varroa mite has forever changed the honeybee industry and will likely see the 'majority' of feral bees disappear from the landscape Mr Le Feuvre told a major agricultural conference on Wednesday.

Australia has among the highest numbers of feral bee populations of anywhere in the world.

"We think that that will impact our growers and the growers that have previously enjoyed free pollination, will then have to look for paid pollination services," Mr Le Feuvre said.

READ MORE: What widespread Varroa mite will mean for ag

The varroa mite's arrival sparked a 15 month "ineffective" eradication program designed to stop the mite's spread, with 47,000 hives destroyed - ten per cent of the NSW population.

Record number of beekeeping businesses are for sale across the industry and anxiety is high according to the honey bee chief.

"We can expect in our industry to also see a large number of beekeepers leave," he said.

The ABARES conference was also told the apple industry will be particularly badly hit by any loss of feral bees with some producers reliant on the population for pollination.

Fire ants could cost 'half a COVID' every year

Australia could lose 2.8 per cent of its GDP to fire ants - the equivalent of "half a COVID" each and every year, biosecurity analysts have warned.

The government-funded Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis has offered a new estimate of the hit Australia will take if the super pest is allowed to spread unhindered.

"We project the combined damage to agriculture, recreation and tourism will exceed 1.5 per cent of Australia's GDP and that the silent costs to the environment will be 1.3 per cent of GDP," chief executive Andrew Robinson told a parliamentary inquiry.

"Jointly this is 2.8 per cent of GDP which is approximately half of a COVID, every year."

Agriculture would take the biggest hit, he said.

Red imported fire ant nest in QLD. 

The inquiry has heard from a succession of experts and stakeholders who say 20 years of eradication efforts have failed, with the ant spreading to the north, south and east of the containment zone in southeast Queensland.

Earlier on Tuesday, a leading US fire ants expert said Australia must change its treatment regime if it wants to stop fire ants spreading like cancer across the country.

Dr Robert Puckett, from Texas A&M University, has closely followed Australia's eradication efforts since 2001.

He's not sure if eradication can still be achieved.

"If you could get enough toxicant bait to these ants, in all the areas where they occur, yes you can eradicate them. Now can that be done, I don't know," he told federal senators.

"If you have enough energy, personnel, finances to drive this process to completion, yeah you may be able to do this."

But he said the ongoing spread indicated change was needed and urged Australia to innovate, not just follow what other nations have done.

Fire ants cost the United States $US6.7 billion ($A10.3 billion) each year to manage.

The spread there has largely stopped with ants now present in the available suitable habitat, mostly in the country's south.

But he said much more of Australia was prime habitat for the pest.

"Over 90 per cent of your country is habitat that is suitable for red imported fire ants to thrive and that's a much larger area than they occupy in the United States."

He said community buy-in was essential if the war was to be won, especially from people living in areas where they've already been detected.

"The folks that live within the quarantine zone - they have to be completely bought in. Nobody can move materials outside of the quarantine zone that might possibly be housing red imported fire ants.

"The boundaries cannot be porous."

On Monday, the Tweed Shire Council told the inquiry a recent detection at South Murwillumbah, in northern NSW, was believed to be linked to landscaping products from the Gold Coast, which is a fire ant hotspot.

Officials complained about modest signage about the restrictions that are in place around the movement of organic material across the border.

"It doesn't reflect the urgency or seriousness of the situation," Mayor Chris Cherry said.